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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of exosomes derived from miR-486 gene-modified umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) on biological characteristics of rat cardiomyocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) were isolated and cultured, then the immunophenotypes and ability of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of UC-MSC were identified. The structure of exosomes was observed by electron microscopy; the effect of exosomes on cell migration was detected by transwell cell migration test; the miR-486 high expression of UC-MSC was mediated by using recombinant adenovirus vector, moreover the UC-MSC with high expression of miR-486 were identified by qPT-PCR. The exosomes were isolated from cell culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation and the miR-486 expression level of UC MSC exosomes was detected by qRT-PCR. The effect of exosomes on the proliferation of cardiomyocytes was evaluated by Dye670 marking. The HO-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis model was established, and the effect of exosomes on apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The exosomes derived from UC-MSCs had the diameter between 40-100 nm and double membrane stracture. The recombinant adenovirus could effectively mediate the expression of miR-486 in UC-MSC, and the expression level of miR-486 in exosomes of miR-486-modified UC-MSC significantly increased. The exosomes with miR-486 high expression possessed the pro-proliferation and pro-migration effects on cardiomyocytes, moreover the preventive effect on apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The exosomes derived from UC-MSC and accompamied by high expression of miR-486 can promote the proliferation and migration of cardio myocytes, yet can prevent the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.</p>
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Objective To observe the changes of preoperative and postoperative retinal circulation time in partretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods Together 16 patients (16 eyes) were collected as the subjects in this study,who was diagnosed as severe non-proliferative and proliferative DR by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) examination and had PRP indications for undergoing pan-retinal laser photocoagulation.Then retinal arterial and venous cir culation time in all patients was recorded using FFA before and 1 to 3 months after treatment.Meanwhile,it was necessary to observe the following variables,including the developing duration and complete filling time of the four branches of the retinal artery,as well as the duration of the laminar flow and complete filling time of the four branches of the venous artery,followed by calculating mean transition time of retinal artery,retinal capillary,retinal vein,retinal arteriovenous flow for comparison and analysis of changes in transit time of retina in different time-periods before and after treatment.Results The mean transition time of the retinal capillary in patient was (1.58 ± 0.99) s before treatment and (2.19 + 1.23)s after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P =0.011),but there was no significant difference in the mean transition time of the retinal artery,retinal vein and arteriovenous flow (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The transit time of the retinal capillary at 1 to 3 months after PRP is significantly longer than that before treatment.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the roles of SPK pathway in the regulation of proliferation, survival and glucose consume of human erythroleukemia TF-1 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The interfering in SPK expression of TF-1 cells was performed using leutivirus vector-mediated shRNA, the interference efficacy of SPK in TF-1 cells was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot, the viability of TF-1 cell proliferation was detected by using CCK-8 method, the apoptosis of TF-1 cells was determined by flow cytmetry with Annexin V staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hypoxia up-regulated the expression of HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and SPK in TF-1 cells. SPK treatment resulted in reduced proliferation and induced apoptosis in TF-1 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of the SPK significantly reduced utilization and consumption of glucose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The SPK is key signalling molecule involved in regulation of hypoxia-induced proliferation and glucose metabolism in TF-1 cells, and plays an important rote in proliferation and energy metabolism of leukemia cells.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-486 on glycometabolism of hematopoietic cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>qRT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of miR-486 or Sirt1 on TF-1 cells under hypoxia. Lentivirus was used to mediate the overexpression or inhibition of miR-486 on TF-1 cells and qRT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of Sirt1, glucose transporter 1(Glut1) and glucose transporter 4(Glut4). Lentivirus-mediated Sirt1-shRNA transduction was used to knockdown Sirt1 expression which was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The expressions of Glut1 and Glut4 were determined by qRT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hypoxia promoted the expression of miR-486 and inhibited the expression of Sirt1. MiR-486 overexpression could inhibit the expression of Sirt1 and promote the expressions of Glut1 and Glut4, whereas miR-486 silencing upregulated the sirt1 expression and inhibited the expressions of Glut1 and Glut4. And inhibition of Sirt1 expression increased the expressions of Glut1 and Glut4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MiR-486 can regulate the glycometabolism of hematopoietic cells by targeting Sirt1.</p>
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Objective To observe the changes of preoperative and postoperative retinal circulation time in partretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods Together 16 patients (16 eyes) were collected as the subjects in this study,who was diagnosed as severe non-proliferative and proliferative DR by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) examination and had PRP indications for undergoing pan-retinal laser photocoagulation.Then retinal arterial and venous cir culation time in all patients was recorded using FFA before and 1 to 3 months after treatment.Meanwhile,it was necessary to observe the following variables,including the developing duration and complete filling time of the four branches of the retinal artery,as well as the duration of the laminar flow and complete filling time of the four branches of the venous artery,followed by calculating mean transition time of retinal artery,retinal capillary,retinal vein,retinal arteriovenous flow for comparison and analysis of changes in transit time of retina in different time-periods before and after treatment.Results The mean transition time of the retinal capillary in patient was (1.58 ± 0.99) s before treatment and (2.19 + 1.23)s after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P =0.011),but there was no significant difference in the mean transition time of the retinal artery,retinal vein and arteriovenous flow (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The transit time of the retinal capillary at 1 to 3 months after PRP is significantly longer than that before treatment.
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Seven guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids, a new compound 6-formyl-5-isopropyl-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methyl-1H-indene (1), a new natural product 5-isopropyl-3, 7-dimethyl-1H-indene-1-one (2), along with five known compounds: guaiazulene (3), 4-formyl-7-isopropyl-10-methylazulene (4), sesquiterpene ketolactone (5), alismoxide (6) and guaia-1 (5), 6-diene (7), were isolated from gorgonian Muriceides collaris collected in South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis [MS, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR (DEPT), HMQC, HMBC, NOESY] and by comparison of the spectral data with those of the literatures.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anthozoa , Chemistry , Azulenes , China , Sesquiterpenes , Chemistry , Sesquiterpenes, GuaianeABSTRACT
BackgroundRecent researches suggested that properties of neurons in the lateral geniculate neuron (LGN) may represent an important neural limitation on the development of basic spatial and temporal vision,and even binocular rivalry.However,previous studies on the properties of spatiotemporal frequency tuning of LGN were rather concentrated on a monkey or cat,whereas little is known about rat.ObjectiveThis study was to examine the development of spatiotemporal frequency tuning in rats LGN.MethodsTwenty Wistar rats were collected and divided into 14-16 day,20-22 day,27-30 day and 60 day groups according to the different ages after their eyes opened and 5 rats were assigned for each group.Extracellular single neuron recording was carried out in the rats to study the spatio-temporal receptive field properties of neurons in LGN by sinusoidal gratings visual stimuli.Dynamic changes of the spatio-temporal receptive field properties of neurons in LGN with the development of Wistar rats were evaluated.ResultsThe differences between band-pass and low-pass distribution of temporal frequency or spatial frequency of rat LGN were not statistically significant (x2 =0.68,0.47,P＞0.05 ).The optimal temporal frequency of receptive field in rat LGN went up to the maximum value until 60 day in Wistar rats.The mean optimal temporal frequencies of neurons in the four different age groups were ( 2.5 ± 1.3 ),( 2.6± 1.2),(2.6± 1.1 ) and ( 3.6± 1.1 ) Hz with significant differences among the 4 groups (F=4.53,P＜0.05 ),and those in the 14-16 day group,20-22 day group,27- 30 day group were significantly lower than in the 60 days group ( q =4.43,4.10,4.03,P ＜ 0.05 ).No significant differences were seen among the 14-16 day group,20-22 day group and 27-30 day group ( P＞0.05 ).The optimal spatial frequency values in the four groups were ( 0.04 ± 0.04 ),( 0.04 ± 0.03 ),( 0.05 ± 0.03 ),( 0.05 ± 0.04 ) cpd,respectively without statistical difference among them ( F =0.58,P ＞ 0.05 ).The temporal and spatial bandwidth values in the various age groups were not statistically significant among the four groups ( F =0.37,1.22,P＞0.05). Conclusions The development of temporal and spatial frequency characteristics of the rat LGN receptive field may be related to its functional visual pathway.
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Background The integration of segregated pathways from the two eyes first appears in V1 neurons,where it not only plays a critical role in the generation of a three-dimensional visual representation.Abnormal visual experiences in critical period usually lead to amblyopia and binocular integration defects.Objective Present study was to investigate how neurons of kitten coordinate their activity patterns in response to synchronous dichoptic stimulus inputs in striate cortex.Methods Spike rate and local field potential(LFP) gamma band(20-90Hz) power of three kitten(1-1.2Kg,8-10 weeks old) to monocular and synchronous dichoptic presented gratings were assessed for 28 binocular neurons in V1 of kitten by in vivo extracellular record method under anaesthesia and paralysis.Ocular dominance index(ODI) and binocular integration index(BII) were assessed and the correlation between these two indexes were analyzed.Results In 28 cells with binocular characteristic,the absolute value of spike-ODI was significant larger than that of LFP-ODI(t=2.606,P=0.021).A positive linear correlation between the ocular preferences of spike and LFP was found(R2=0.513,F=27.423,P=0.003).In dichotic trails,binocular facilitation with BII for spike was 2.348±0.996,showing a significant reduce in comparison with BII for LFP(3.678±1.974)(t=2.671,P=0.019).Binocular integration index for two signals were greater when monocular responses of both eyes were similar(P=0.035 and P=0.124,respectively).Conclusion Both spike rate and gamma band power of LFP exhibited binocular facilitation to synchronous presented dichotic stimuli with significant facilitation induced by balanced monocular responses.Spiking activity and LFP reflect neural activities of different spatial scales and source components.